#include <cctype>
#include <string>

#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>

std::string toString( bool value )

{
   return value?"true":"false";
}

std::string toString( int value )

{
   char buffer[ 256 ];
   sprintf( buffer, "%d", value );
   return buffer;

}

std::string toString( double value )
{
   char buffer[ 256 ];

   sprintf( buffer, "%lf", value );
   return buffer;
}

std::string toString( char value )

{
   char buffer[ 2 ];
   buffer[0] = value;
   buffer[1] = '\0';

   
   return buffer;
}